在连接不同电压下运行的电路的电气系统中,最常见的部件之一是变压器。 当需要在不同电压电平之间转换交流电压时,这些电压电平经常被使用。

通过在交流电路中使用变压器,电压和电流可以根据所连接的电气设备、设备或负载的要求而变化。 电力、仪表和脉冲变压器只是使用范围广泛的变压器中的少数几个。
变压器大致可分为两类:电力变压器和电子变压器。 电子变压器的工作电压和功率额定值相当低。 这些被用于各种消费类电器,包括电视、笔记本电脑、CD/DVD播放器等。

具有高功率和电压额定值的变压器称为功率变压器。 为了提高或降低电压水平,它们被广泛应用于发电、输电、配电和公用事业系统。 不过,这两种变压器的功能是相同的。 让我们更深入地讨论变压器。

什么是变压器
没有移动元件的变压器是由一个、两个或多个绕组组成的静态装置,这些绕组是磁连接和电隔离的,无论有无磁芯。 利用电磁感应原理,将电能从一个电路转移到另一个电路。

交流电路的初级绕组称为初级绕组,而次级绕组是指与负载相连或从负载中提取能量的绕组。 这两个适当绝缘的绕组缠绕在一个层压铁芯上,在绕组之间形成磁通道。

当初级绕组由交流电压源供电时,变压器铁心将产生一个交流磁通或磁场。 磁通幅值受主侧匝数、电源频率和施加电压大小的影响。

这种磁通通过铁心并连接到次级绕组。 根据电磁感应理论,这种磁连接使次级绕组产生电压。 两个电路之间的相互感应就是这个意思。 次级电压受次级匝数、磁通量和频率的影响。

在电力系统中,变压器经常用于在同一频率下产生可变电压和电流值。

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https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/the-vermox-market-research-provides-comprehensive-and-in-depth-insight-into-the-products-and-services-provided-by-leading-industry-participants-as-well-as-new-market-trends-and-competition-dynamics-in-key-geographies-2022-12-22

作者 Zeng Zhuojun

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