美国在全球经济中占有独特的地位,制造业是我国经济的关键部门之一,这并非秘密。 但是,由于不公平的贸易惯例而被挤出一些国家的制造业者,现在又重新回到美国,同时也在研究如何重新调整业务,以便在不同的市场中更具竞争力。

A. 导言

随着全球经济持续快速变化,制造商们正在重新思考供应链,并重新回到美国。 这种转变的主要原因是缺乏高质量的替代品、日益昂贵的外国制成品以及某些海外制造地点的前景不明朗。

几十年来,制造商一直依靠低成本的外国劳动力生产产品。 然而,在当今全球经济中,这种依赖已不再可持续。 随着进口材料和零部件成本的上升,各公司开始寻找国内更负担得起的生产选择。

此外,由于劳动力成本和环境法规的增加,全球许多制造地点的竞争力正在下降。 中国尤其因其高压的工业政策而受到批评,这些政策导致海外就业和商业投资损失。

某些制造地点的前景不明朗,也促使公司返回美国。 许多制造商现在认为美国是一个比海外其他国家更稳定、更可预测的市场。 此外,许多总部设在美国的公司能够受益于强大的基础设施和熟练的劳动力优势。

二. 本条目

由于种种原因,制造商们正在重新思考供应链,并搬回美国。 其他国家生产的货物成本越来越高,而美国生产的货物成本却在下降。 此外,制造商正在寻找更大的灵活性,当涉及到他们的供应链和直接与客户互动的能力。 另外,其他国家也缺乏熟练劳动力,因此制造企业更加关注本国。

什么是重撑?

近年来,随着企业纷纷回美国寻找供应链,”重新支撑”一词已经获得了广泛的应用。 重新撑腰越来越受欢迎的原因有很多,但其中最主要的是美国经济比以往任何时候都强劲,而且这里有很多好工作机会。

复苏的另一个原因是,全球制造业正在向亚洲和其他外国转移,因此企业正在寻找办法,重新回到美国,并利用这一趋势。 此外,许多美国制造商发现,由于贸易壁垒和其他问题,从海外获得高质量的零部件和供应越来越困难。

总体而言,重组为公司提供了许多优势,包括获得更多的人才和比从国外进口商品更低的成本。 这也是企业通过采购能源和资源较少的产品来表明他们对环保主义的承诺的重要途径

为什么公司要离开美国?

美国目前的经济环境对企业不利,因此很多企业都在寻找降低经营成本的方法。 企业降低成本的一种方法是将供应链转移到美国,因为美国的制造业比其他国家的制造业便宜,而且这里的可用资源比其他国家多。 另外,美国拥有强大的技术基础设施,因此企业越境转让技术变得更加容易。

企业将供应链转移到美国的另一个原因是这里的人才库。 美国拥有大量有才华的工程师和制造商,这使得企业更容易找到能够帮助他们的项目的人。 此外,美国政府还为那些希望投资于其创新能力的企业提供支持,而其他国家并不总是有这种支持

汽车工业重新崛起

主要制造商正在重新思考供应链,并搬回美国。 这种转变的原因很多,但其中最主要的是其他国家的劳动力成本上升。 比如,在中国,最低工资在过去几年中大幅增长,而通胀率却保持在低水平。 这种组合使公司越来越难以在价格上保持竞争优势。

恢复活力的另一个原因是,人们认为其他国家的法规和标准不如美国严格。例如,许多汽车制造商现在要求汽车达到比欧洲或日本更严格的排放标准。 将生产迁回北美,使这些公司能够对其产品质量和安全标准保持更严格的控制。

随着全球经济条件的改善和劳动力成本的上升,复苏的趋势无疑将继续下去。 不利用这个机会的制造商将来可能会发现自己处于不利地位。

四. 结论

制造商们正在重新思考他们的供应链,然后返回美国。 戴尔技术创始人迈克尔·戴尔在接受《纽约时报》采访时表示,美国制造业正在复苏,并认为特朗普总统的减税刺激了这种变化。 制造业者的这一举动可能会对整个经济产生积极影响,因为它将创造更多的就业机会,并全面增加对产品的需求。

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