晶体管已成为当代电子学的重要组成部分,因此不可能设想一种新型的晶体管。
没有他们的世界。 本课将学习晶体管的分类和多种类型。
根据它们的预期用途,我们将研究BJT(NPN和PNP)、JFET(N沟道和P-
沟道)、MOSFET(增强和耗尽)和晶体管(小信号、快速开关、
权力等)。

晶体管是一种半导体器件,可以用作电控开关,也可以用于
放大信号 一个晶体管有三个端子,其中一个端子(或一个端子)有少许电流或电压。
引线)控制另外两个端子(引线)之间的大电流流动。
很久以来,晶体管已经取代了真空管,因为它们提供了更大的真空管。
的优点。 晶体管是一种小型器件,功耗最小,能耗低
的运作要求。 晶体管是关键的有源部件之一(这种器件可以制造出具有高效率的半导体器件)。
比输入信号功率大的输出信号)。
晶体管是几乎所有电子电路的重要组成部分,包括放大器、开关、电子电路和电子电路。
振荡器、电压调节器、电源,以及最重要的是数字逻辑集成电路
(ICS)。
自从第一个晶体管问世至今,晶体管被分成许多种。
根据其设计或功能分类。 基本分类的说明
在随附的树形图中提供了各种晶体管类型。

正如前面所说,BJT和FET是晶体管的两个主要家族,规模更大。 每个
每个晶体管都有各种半导体材料的适当/特定排列,
不管它属于哪个家庭。 半导体材料硅、锗和
氯化镓经常被用来制造晶体管。
在物理上和建筑上,BJT和FET不同,只需要大多数电荷载流子。
场效应晶体管要发挥作用,但BJT既需要多数电荷载体,也需要少数电荷载体。
有些晶体管主要用作开关器件,而另一些则用作开关器件。
根据它们的质量和特性用于放大目的。 一些
晶体管内置放大和开关能力。

结晶体管
结双极结晶体管是晶体管(BJT)的通用名称。 双极性表示”
电子和空穴都是传导电流所必需的,而结点表示有
PN接头(实际上是两个接头)。

NPN晶体管
两种双极结晶体管之一就是NPN(BJT)。 两种n型半导体
构成NPN晶体管的元件之间夹有一层薄薄的夹层。
p型半导体 在这种情况下,电子在空穴中占电荷载流子的大部分
占少数 在基极的电流流调节电子从基极到基端电流流调节电子从基端通过。
发射极到集电极

PNP晶体管
另一种双极结晶体管是PNP(BJT)。 两种p型半导体材料
PNP晶体管夹在两层n型晶体管之间。
半导体 在PNP晶体管中,空穴占电荷载流子的大部分,而电子则占电荷载流子的大部分。
占少数 晶体管发射端子处的箭头表示正则方向。
水流 PNP晶体管中的电流从发射极到集电极。

MOSFET
最常用和最广泛使用的晶体管类型是金属氧化物半导体场效应
晶体管(MOSFET)。 术语"金属氧化物”表示一层薄薄的金属氧化物将栅极区与沟道(通常是二氧化硅)隔开。
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https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/typhoid-vi-polysaccharide-vaccine-market-size-dynamics-generate-revenue-research-on-report-mines-the-impact-of-covid–19-foreign-opportunity-installation-application-from-year—2028-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/this-report-on-poliovirus-vaccine-market-covers-main-driver-for-the-overall-market-from-2022-to-2028-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/this-poliovirus-vaccine-inactivated-market-research-study-report-will-help-to-create-an-entire-business-environment-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/meningococcal-group-b-vaccine-market-size-2022—2028-market-type-quantitative-analysis-segment-development-top-key-players-power-consumption-function-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/this-electrical-stimulation-therapy-market-research-study-compares-key-strategies-with-those-of-competitors-analyses-competitive-strategy-and-market-share-identifies-regional-market-opportunities-and-properly-and-completely-identifies-emerging-market-trends-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/personal-health-trainers—key-trends-and-opportunities-by-state-and-territory-to-2028-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/the-travel-sickness-drugs-market-outlook-report-is-an-in-depth-investigation-into-the-travel-sickness-drugs-industry-insights-forecasts-potential-growth-opportunities-nations-and-businesses-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/trach-tube-research-report-the-qualitative-effects-of-key-market-parameters-on-market-segments-and-geographical-areas-are-also-mapped-in-the-research-2022-12-25
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/thermowells-market-research-report-by-vertical-application-country—north-america-forecast-to2028—cumulative-impact-of-covid-19-2022-12-25

作者 Zeng Zhuojun

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