电子制造业建立在硅上。 然而，作为半导体，其性能远非理想。 现在，研究人员发现一种神秘物质，叫做立方砷化硼（c-BAs），其性能可能大大超过硅。 事实上，它可能是有史以来发现的最好的半导体，也可能是有史以来最好的半导体。 地球上最普遍的元素之一是硅。 硅是许多现代技术所必需的，从微芯片到太阳能电池。

然而，其半导体特性远非理想。 “我们首次展示了载流子迁移率高、热传导率高的新材料。” 首先，硅在热传导方面的表现很差。 因此，计算机经常经历过热，需要昂贵的冷却系统。 尽管电子很容易通过硅的结构，但空穴——带正电荷的电子缺失——却不受欢迎。 由于这些缺陷,硅作为半导体整体效率较低。 2018年,有研究结果表明,由相对丰富的矿物质硼和砷构成的晶体c-BAs的导热能力是硅的近10倍。 在金刚石和同位素富集立方氮化硼之后，这是任何半导体中最知名的导热系数，也是任何材料中最知名的导热系数。

此外，理论预测表明，c-BAs将具有极高的电子和空穴迁移率。 实验现在支持立方砷化硼的高电子和空穴迁移率，在7月22日的《科学》杂志上发表的两项研究中显示。 这两项研究的合著者、休斯顿大学的物理学家任志峰说:”我们首次证明了一种高载流子迁移率和高导热率的新材料。” 研究结果”为半导体产业指明了可能很快发生革命的新方向。” 由于晶体尺寸小，研究人员很难分析碳原子吸收体的电子和空穴迁移率。 晶体也被杂质覆盖，这些杂质分散了电子和空穴。 由休斯顿大学、麻省理工学院、德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校、波士顿学院等组成的研究组发现,杂质最少的晶格上的位置是电子和电子空穴迁移率最高的地方。 电子和空穴迁移率的测量单位为每伏秒平方厘米（厘米2/V•s）。

在室温下，硅的电子迁移率为1400cm2/V，空穴迁移率为450cm2/V。 新的结果表明，在室温下，电子和空穴在1，600cm2/V·s的迁移率下可以同时运动。 此外，《科学》杂志最近发表的两项研究之一发现，c-BAs中的电子迁移率可提高到3,000平方厘米/伏。 这一成就可能归因于”热电子”，它比大多数其他材料中保持激光脉冲产生的能量，激光脉冲用于激发电荷载流子的时间要长。

迄今为止，只生产了几批小的、不规则的实验室规模的c-bas。 然而，鉴于硼、砷和晶体制造工艺的成本低，任认为它很有可能以实用和成本效益高的方式制造。 他认为，晶体的尺寸过大，只有在完全了解生长过程的情况下，才能允许其结垢，以保持质量控制。 任教授补充道:”我们小组一直认为，当晶体质量进一步提高时，应该实现更高的热传导率和更高的迁移率，因此，近期的目标是改善它们的生长，以获得更高质量的晶体。”

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